Bryce Canyon - Bryce - Utah

Bryce Canyon National Park / braɪs / is a national park located in southwestern Utah in the United States. The main feature in the garden Bryce Canyon, which despite its name, is not a canyon, but a group of huge natural terraces along the eastern side of the plateau Paunsaugunt. Bryce distinctive due to geological structures called hoodoos, formed by frost erosion factors and stream erosion of the river and lake bed sedimentary rocks. And Ualbrtqala, red and white colors of the rocks provide spectacular views of the visitors to the park. Bryce sits at an altitude much higher than the national park close Zion. Edge in Bryce varies from 8,000 to 9,000 feet (2400 to 2700 m).

Has settled in Bryce Canyon pioneers Mormon area in the 1850s, and was named after the surrounding Bryce Canyon area became Ebenezer Bryce, who homesteaded in the area in 1874. National Monument in 1923 and classified as national park in 1928. The park covers 35,835 acres ( 55,992 square miles 0.14502 hectares, 145.02 km2) and receives relatively few visitors compared to the national Park Zion and Grand Canyon, largely due to the remote location.

Bryce Canyon National Park is located in southwestern Utah about 50 miles (80 km) northeast and 1,000 feet (300 m) higher than Zion National Park. Weather in Bryce Canyon and thus colder, the park receives more rain: a total of 15 to 18 inches (380-460 mm) annually. The annual temperatures vary from a minimum of 9 ° F (-13 ° C) in January to an average maximum of 83 degrees Fahrenheit (28 degrees Celsius) in July, but the extreme temperatures ranging from -30 to 97 degrees Fahrenheit ( -34 to 36 degrees Celsius). The record high temperature in the park 98 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius) on July 14, 2002. The record low temperature -28 degrees Fahrenheit (-33 degrees Celsius) in the December 10, 1972.

National Park is located within the geographical Colorado Plateau province in North America and is located on either side of the south-eastern edge of the plateau west Paunsaugunt Paunsaugunt error (Paunsaugunt are tribes Piot's "home of the beaver"). The arrival of visitors to the park from the plateau park and look at the edge of the plateau towards the valley contains an error and the Paria River just behind it (Parrilla is Piot tribes for "muddy water or elk"). Kaiparowits plateau on the edge of the limits of the other side of the valley.

Bryce Canyon was not formed from corrosion started from the mainstream, and that means it's technically not a valley. Instead headward erosion has been digging in the form of great features included in the rocks between the ages of Cenozoic of Paunsaugunt plateau. This erosion exposed delicate and colorful pinnacles called hoodoos that up to 200 feet (60 m) high. A series of terraces stretching more than 20 miles (30 km) north to south within the park. Brice is the largest amphitheater, which is 12 miles (19 km) long, 3 miles (5 km) wide and 800 feet (240 meters) deep. A recent example from the stands with a banshee in the same formation, but at high altitude, in the Cedar Breaks National Monument, which is 25 miles (40 km) to the west on the Markagunt Plateau.

Rainbow points, the highest part of the park in 9105 feet (2775 m), is at the end of the campaign the scenic 18-mile (29 km). From there, the Aquarius Plateau Tower, Bryce runway, Henry Mountains, vermilion cliffs white cliffs can be seen. Where they leave the park in the north-eastern section Yellow Creek, it is the lowest part of the park in 6620 feet (2020 m).

Not much is known about early human habitation in the Bryce Canyon area. According to archaeological surveys Bryce Canyon National Park and Paunsaugunt plateau that people were in the area for at least 10,000 years. Found artifacts basket maker Anasazi several thousand years old south of the park. Also found on other works of art from the Redskins period Anasazi and Fremont culture (even mid-century 12TH).

Piot transfer Indians tribes in the valleys and hills surrounding the area surrounding the same time that other cultures left. These Indians hunted and gathered for most of its food, but also supplement their diets with some agricultural products. Piot put tribes in the mythology surrounding area hoodoos (pinnacles) in Bryce Canyon. They believe that people were banshee legend-turned-conman Coyote on the stone. At least one of the older tribes said Piot culture called hoodoos Anka-ku-one was in intelligence, the tribes Piot for "red painted faces."

It was not until the late 18th and early 19th century that European Americans first discovered in a remote area and difficult to access. Mormon scouts visited the area in the 1850s to measure its ability to agricultural development, and the use of grazing, and settlement.

He was at the top of the first major scientific expedition in the region by the US Army Major John Wesley Powell in 1872. Powell, along with a team of maps and geologists makers who surveyed the area Sevier and Virgin River as part of a larger study of the hills of Colorado. Keep mapmakers him many places tribes Piot names.

It came small groups of Mormon pioneers tried to settle east of Bryce Canyon along the Paria River. In 1873, the company Kanarra cattle began to use the area for grazing cattle.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints sent Scottish immigrant Ebenezer Bryce and his wife Mary to settle land in the valley Parrilla because they believe that his carpentry skills to be useful in the region. Bryce family chose to live right below Bryce Canyon amphitheater. Bryce graze his cattle inside what is now the park boundary, and thought also believed that the stands were "very remarkable place to lose a cow." And also built a road to the plateau to retrieve firewood and timber, and an irrigation canal water his crops and animals. Soon it began to other settlers to call an unusual place "Bryce Canyon", which was formalized later in Bryce Canyon.

A combination of drought, overgrazing, and flooding led eventually Paiutes for the remainder of the region and pushed the settlers' attempt to build a canal to divert water from the River Sever exchange. When these efforts failed, most of the settlers, including the Bryce family, left the area. Bryce moved his family to Arizona in 1880. The remaining settlers digging a trench 10 miles (16 km) from the fork ambassador] in the east in the valley over.

These areas have been described scenic for the first time to the public in magazine articles published by rail Pacific Union Pacific and Santa Fe in 1916. People like Forest Supervisor J. George Humphrey, which reinforced the natural wonders of the stands Bryce Canyon, and by 1918 the materials distributed at the national level has helped also stir up interest. However, the difficulty of reaching the remote area and the lack of places to visit to a minimum stay.

Ruby Syrett, Harold Bowman, and the Perry brothers later built modest housing, and set up a "tour" of the region services. Syrett served later as the director of the first post office of Bryce Canyon. Visit steadily, and 1920 s in the Pacific early Railroad Union became interested in expanding rail service area in southwestern Utah to accommodate more tourists.

At the same time, became the preservation of the environment are alarmed by the damage overgrazing and logging, visit the organization is having on the fragile features of Bryce Canyon. They have a protected area movement began soon, The Director of the National Park Service, Stephen Mather's proposal to Bryce Canyon that are in a state park. Utah Governor and legislature of the state of Utah, however, pressed for the protection of national in the region. Mather relented and sent a recommendation to President Warren Harding, who on June 8, 1923 Bryce Canyon declared a national monument.

It was built the same year the road on a plateau to provide easy access to the expectations in the stands. From 1924-1925, The Bryce Canyon Lodge is built from local timber and stone.

Members of Congress began work in the United States in 1924 to lift the state protection of Bryce Canyon National Monument American Memorial National Park to establish Utah National Park. The process began by Parks Utah company led to the transfer of private land ownership and controlled by the state in the monument of the federal government in 1923. The last of the land in the proposed park boundaries have been sold to the federal government after four years, and in the February 25, 1928, was established in Bryce Canyon national Park renamed.

In 1931, President Herbert Hoover annexed South Park vicinity, and in 1942 an additional 635 acres (257 hectares) was added. Thus, the total area of ​​the park to the current figure of 35,835 acres (14,502 hectares). Was finished edge of the road, and drive scenic still used today, in 1934 by the Civilian Conservation Corps. Park management was conducted from neighboring Zion National Park until 1956, when he began the first director of Bryce Canyon work.

He was named the USS Bryce Canyon of the park and served as a supply and repair ships in the US Pacific Fleet from September 15, 1950, to June 30, 1981.

Bryce Canyon Natural History Association was founded (BCNHA) in 1961. The library runs inside the park visitors center, a non-profit organization established to assist the interpretive and educational and scientific activities of the National Park Service in Bryce Canyon National Park. And donate a portion of the profits from the sales of the bookstore to the units of the territory.

In response to increased traffic and traffic jams, the National Park Service so implemented, summer only, and the system of voluntary shuttle in a park in June 2000. In 2004, he began rebuilding the aging and inadequate road network in the park.